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What is ultra-white glass?
What is ultra-white glass?
"We must create such a place, whose spiritual vitality can liberate people from daily life. Light is the material that calls buildings into life and gives them strength".
As a special artificial synthetic material, glass is not as simple, heavy and natural as bamboo and other texture materials, nor is it like metal materials with a strong sense of the times, nor is it different from concrete and stone materials with calm and solemn, but glass materials have their own unique charm. It is crystal clear, bright and gorgeous, pure and unreal, quiet and cold and full of vitality. It has a unique sense of beauty， Glass product .
Our era is actually an era dominated by glass architecture
It is open, free and full of modern and artistic sense
At the same time, it has strong plasticity
Plus the ethereal temperament
It is often praised as "the fourth form of matter"
Ultra-white glass is the best interpreter of these characteristics of glass
Ultra-white glass is also known as low iron glass and high transparent glass
It has the characteristics of crystal clear, high-grade and elegant
Known as the "crystal prince" of the glass family
It is the representative of the peak development of contemporary glass making technology
▲ Glass pyramid of the Louvre
▲ Apple flagship store
▲ Daxing Airport
one
The origin and development of glass
From the beginning of human discovery and mastery of glass making methods to the present
It has a history of nearly 5000 years
About 3700 BC
The ancient Egyptians have produced a large number of glass ornaments and utensils
This earliest original glass is known as Faience
It originally refers to a kind of blue-glazed pottery
At this time, the glass is colored and the light transmittance is very low
It looks more like the glaze on the surface of pottery
▲ Egyptian Feons products
China has a long history of glass making
"The Song of Chu": Gao Yu's crown is in danger, and Chang Yu's pendant is Lu Li
Luli in one sentence refers to glass
In ancient China, glass was also known as "colored glass", "Luli"
"Shuiyu", "colorless jade", etc
About 1000 BC
Our ancients made colorless glass
But it has high reflectivity
Different colors will be reflected under the light
So as to produce a "bizarre" visual effect
It is a pity that the technology of making glass by ancient methods in China was basically lost
▲ Islamic glazed ware of the Tang Dynasty
In the Middle Ages in Europe
Glass making technology has evolved over thousands of years
The light transmittance greatly improves the color diversity
However, the glass at this time is mostly colored glass in semi-transparent state
Medieval architects
Use collage, painting and other techniques to make flowered window glass
Is one of the greatest features of Gothic church architecture
When sunlight passes through translucent colored glass
The softness and haziness of stained glass integrated with the Bible story
Like a holy baptism
▲ Glazed windows of Gothic churches
The technology of making glass in Europe has developed rapidly since the 17th century
Optical glass invented for the development of telescope
Greatly improve the light transmittance of glass
The invention of Belgian plate glass
It is possible to apply large-area glass to buildings
Glass steel structure is widely used in buildings
The transparent crystal palace has become the ancestor of glass architecture
▲ Crystal Palace 1851
Modernist architectural trends began to sweep the world in the middle of the 20th century
Master architect Miz Vanderro
"Less is more" minimalist design concept
It coincides with the characteristics of glass material with high transmittance
Transparency, homogeneity and introduction of glass
It conveys the democratic and free spirit of modern architects
▲ Vansworth House, Miss Vanderro, 1951
Glass is used to blur the boundary between the interior and exterior
Reflect the flow of various spaces
Transparency and brightness of "glass box" and "glass curtain wall"
It also indicates that the architecture has entered an open era
But at this time, the purity of glass is not particularly high
There is a high probability of self-explosion after glass tempering
There are certain potential safety hazards
Large-area glass is also easy to form diffuse reflection and cause light pollution
▲ West Gram Tower, Miss Vanderro, 1958
Until more than 20 years ago, with the continuous innovation of technology, the original incredible technology has become a reality. Ultra-white glass has low self-explosion rate, consistent color, high visible light transmittance, good permeability and high technical content. In addition, ultra-white glass can almost perfectly restore the original color of the object, providing an excellent material carrier to achieve the effect for designers' rich design inspiration. As soon as it came out, it was loved by the majority of architects. In the past ten years, the famous public buildings that we know well: the Bird's Nest, the Water Cube, the National Grand Theater, Daxing Airport, and so on, are all made of ultra-white glass.
two
What is ultra-white glass
The familiar glass bricks, tempered glass, ground glass
Insulated glass, laminated glass, U-shaped glass, etc
Actually, there is no big difference in nature
Tempered, frosted, Jiajuan, etc
Different treatment methods for secondary processing of glass
Thus showing different performance and visual effects
However, ultra-white glass is different from ordinary glass in essence
▲ Frosted glass
▲ Water ripple glass
▲ Tempered laminated glass
▲ Glass brick
Visual effect
General glass contains a certain amount of ferrites, which will lead to different degrees of green visual effects. The content of ferrites in ultra-white glass is 10% or even lower than that of ordinary glass, which has the appearance characteristics similar to colorless crystal.
▲ Comparison between ultra-white glass and ordinary glass
▲ Folding Yard, Beijing
Optical performance
1. The light transmittance of ordinary glass is about 80%, and that of ultra-white glass is more than 91.5%.
2. Compared with ordinary glass, ultra-white glass has lower absorption of ultraviolet wave band, which can effectively reduce the passage of ultraviolet rays, and reduce the harm of ultraviolet rays at the same time of high transmittance.
3. The high transmittance also reduces the refraction and reflection of light. While reducing the light pollution, the objects inside and outside the ultra-white glass will not produce color difference and deformation, which increases the authenticity.
4. After special antireflection treatment on one or both sides of ultra-white glass, the reflectivity can be reduced to about 1%, and the transmittance can be increased to more than 98% again. The visual effect is nearly transparent.
▲ Anti-reflective ultra-white glass in the museum
▲ Folding Yard, Beijing
Physical properties
Ultra-white glass generally contains less impurities, has a more uniform composition than ordinary glass, and is more stable in physical properties than ordinary glass. The self-explosion rate of ultra-white tempered glass is about 1/10000, which is much lower than that of ordinary tempered glass, which greatly improves the safety.
▲ Tempered glass after self-explosion
Price
Ultra-white glass has relatively high technological content, difficult production control and strong profitability compared with ordinary glass. The high quality determines its high price. The price of ultra-white glass is about 5 times that of ordinary glass, and the cost is about twice that of ordinary glass. However, the technical barrier is relatively high and has high added value.
▲ KOU-AN glass teahouse designer Jigang Deren
three
Application of ultra-white glass in contemporary architecture
"Daylighting roof"
In museums, airports and other contemporary public buildings,
Generally, we prefer to use ultra-white glass as the main material of the daylighting roof,
Ultra-high transmittance of ultra-white glass
It not only optimizes the lighting effect
More effectively reduce the passage of ultraviolet rays
Reduce the fading and aging of indoor articles
"The glass pyramid of the Louvre"
Through the pyramid entrance composed of ultra-white glass
Classical sculpture and architecture at a glance
Will not weaken the classical beauty of stone sculpture and natural stone
It is more like putting a layer of glittering and translucent veil on traditional buildings
Add a touch of softness to the thick and closed building
Like a crystal gem
Fall into the ancient building group of thousands of years
Infused the Louvre with modern, open and free atmosphere
▲ The pyramid of the Louvre
At the beginning of the entrance design of the glass pyramid in the Louvre, glass was the key. The opposite side believes that the glass that refracts and emits green light in the sun will destroy the classical charm of the Louvre, a thousand-year-old ancient building. The supplier also replied that there is no transparent and pure white glass that can meet the requirements. A few days later, Pei Pei quietly got a piece of nearly transparent, green-free cabin glass. The latest achievements of Germany promoted the landing of the entrance of the glass pyramid. The external evaluation of the "false bricks" at the entrance of the glass pyramid has also changed into "flying gems".
▲ Night view of the Louvre pyramid
Daxing Airport
12800 pieces of ultra-white glass are used in the terminal
Interior lighting is hardly needed during the day
Good thermal conductivity and daylighting
Make the whole building more energy-saving and environmentally friendly
Pair with white top structure frame
Not only is it transparent and pure
It also contains mechanical and structural beauty
"We must create such a place, whose spiritual vitality can liberate people from daily life. Light is the material that calls buildings into life and gives them strength".
As a special artificial synthetic material, glass is not as simple, heavy and natural as bamboo and other texture materials, nor is it like metal materials with a strong sense of the times, nor is it different from concrete and stone materials with calm and solemn, but glass materials have their own unique charm. It is crystal clear, bright and gorgeous, pure and unreal, quiet and cold and full of vitality. It has a unique sense of beauty， Glass product .
Our era is actually an era dominated by glass architecture
It is open, free and full of modern and artistic sense
At the same time, it has strong plasticity
Plus the ethereal temperament
It is often praised as "the fourth form of matter"
Ultra-white glass is the best interpreter of these characteristics of glass
Ultra-white glass is also known as low iron glass and high transparent glass
It has the characteristics of crystal clear, high-grade and elegant
Known as the "crystal prince" of the glass family
It is the representative of the peak development of contemporary glass making technology
▲ Glass pyramid of the Louvre
▲ Apple flagship store
▲ Daxing Airport
one
The origin and development of glass
From the beginning of human discovery and mastery of glass making methods to the present
It has a history of nearly 5000 years
About 3700 BC
The ancient Egyptians have produced a large number of glass ornaments and utensils
This earliest original glass is known as Faience
It originally refers to a kind of blue-glazed pottery
At this time, the glass is colored and the light transmittance is very low
It looks more like the glaze on the surface of pottery
▲ Egyptian Feons products
China has a long history of glass making
"The Song of Chu": Gao Yu's crown is in danger, and Chang Yu's pendant is Lu Li
Luli in one sentence refers to glass
In ancient China, glass was also known as "colored glass", "Luli"
"Shuiyu", "colorless jade", etc
About 1000 BC
Our ancients made colorless glass
But it has high reflectivity
Different colors will be reflected under the light
So as to produce a "bizarre" visual effect
It is a pity that the technology of making glass by ancient methods in China was basically lost
▲ Islamic glazed ware of the Tang Dynasty
In the Middle Ages in Europe
Glass making technology has evolved over thousands of years
The light transmittance greatly improves the color diversity
However, the glass at this time is mostly colored glass in semi-transparent state
Medieval architects
Use collage, painting and other techniques to make flowered window glass
Is one of the greatest features of Gothic church architecture
When sunlight passes through translucent colored glass
The softness and haziness of stained glass integrated with the Bible story
Like a holy baptism
▲ Glazed windows of Gothic churches
The technology of making glass in Europe has developed rapidly since the 17th century
Optical glass invented for the development of telescope
Greatly improve the light transmittance of glass
The invention of Belgian plate glass
It is possible to apply large-area glass to buildings
Glass steel structure is widely used in buildings
The transparent crystal palace has become the ancestor of glass architecture
▲ Crystal Palace 1851
Modernist architectural trends began to sweep the world in the middle of the 20th century
Master architect Miz Vanderro
"Less is more" minimalist design concept
It coincides with the characteristics of glass material with high transmittance
Transparency, homogeneity and introduction of glass
It conveys the democratic and free spirit of modern architects
▲ Vansworth House, Miss Vanderro, 1951
Glass is used to blur the boundary between the interior and exterior
Reflect the flow of various spaces
Transparency and brightness of "glass box" and "glass curtain wall"
It also indicates that the architecture has entered an open era
But at this time, the purity of glass is not particularly high
There is a high probability of self-explosion after glass tempering
There are certain potential safety hazards
Large-area glass is also easy to form diffuse reflection and cause light pollution
▲ West Gram Tower, Miss Vanderro, 1958
Until more than 20 years ago, with the continuous innovation of technology, the original incredible technology has become a reality. Ultra-white glass has low self-explosion rate, consistent color, high visible light transmittance, good permeability and high technical content. In addition, ultra-white glass can almost perfectly restore the original color of the object, providing an excellent material carrier to achieve the effect for designers' rich design inspiration. As soon as it came out, it was loved by the majority of architects. In the past ten years, the famous public buildings that we know well: the Bird's Nest, the Water Cube, the National Grand Theater, Daxing Airport, and so on, are all made of ultra-white glass.
two
What is ultra-white glass
The familiar glass bricks, tempered glass, ground glass
Insulated glass, laminated glass, U-shaped glass, etc
Actually, there is no big difference in nature
Tempered, frosted, Jiajuan, etc
Different treatment methods for secondary processing of glass
Thus showing different performance and visual effects
However, ultra-white glass is different from ordinary glass in essence
▲ Frosted glass
▲ Water ripple glass
▲ Tempered laminated glass
▲ Glass brick
Visual effect
General glass contains a certain amount of ferrites, which will lead to different degrees of green visual effects. The content of ferrites in ultra-white glass is 10% or even lower than that of ordinary glass, which has the appearance characteristics similar to colorless crystal.
▲ Comparison between ultra-white glass and ordinary glass
▲ Folding Yard, Beijing
Optical performance
1. The light transmittance of ordinary glass is about 80%, and that of ultra-white glass is more than 91.5%.
2. Compared with ordinary glass, ultra-white glass has lower absorption of ultraviolet wave band, which can effectively reduce the passage of ultraviolet rays, and reduce the harm of ultraviolet rays at the same time of high transmittance.
3. The high transmittance also reduces the refraction and reflection of light. While reducing the light pollution, the objects inside and outside the ultra-white glass will not produce color difference and deformation, which increases the authenticity.
4. After special antireflection treatment on one or both sides of ultra-white glass, the reflectivity can be reduced to about 1%, and the transmittance can be increased to more than 98% again. The visual effect is nearly transparent.
▲ Anti-reflective ultra-white glass in the museum
▲ Folding Yard, Beijing
Physical properties
Ultra-white glass generally contains less impurities, has a more uniform composition than ordinary glass, and is more stable in physical properties than ordinary glass. The self-explosion rate of ultra-white tempered glass is about 1/10000, which is much lower than that of ordinary tempered glass, which greatly improves the safety.
▲ Tempered glass after self-explosion
Price
Ultra-white glass has relatively high technological content, difficult production control and strong profitability compared with ordinary glass. The high quality determines its high price. The price of ultra-white glass is about 5 times that of ordinary glass, and the cost is about twice that of ordinary glass. However, the technical barrier is relatively high and has high added value.
▲ KOU-AN glass teahouse designer Jigang Deren
three
Application of ultra-white glass in contemporary architecture
"Daylighting roof"
In museums, airports and other contemporary public buildings,
Generally, we prefer to use ultra-white glass as the main material of the daylighting roof,
Ultra-high transmittance of ultra-white glass
It not only optimizes the lighting effect
More effectively reduce the passage of ultraviolet rays
Reduce the fading and aging of indoor articles
"The glass pyramid of the Louvre"
Through the pyramid entrance composed of ultra-white glass
Classical sculpture and architecture at a glance
Will not weaken the classical beauty of stone sculpture and natural stone
It is more like putting a layer of glittering and translucent veil on traditional buildings
Add a touch of softness to the thick and closed building
Like a crystal gem
Fall into the ancient building group of thousands of years
Infused the Louvre with modern, open and free atmosphere
▲ The pyramid of the Louvre
At the beginning of the entrance design of the glass pyramid in the Louvre, glass was the key. The opposite side believes that the glass that refracts and emits green light in the sun will destroy the classical charm of the Louvre, a thousand-year-old ancient building. The supplier also replied that there is no transparent and pure white glass that can meet the requirements. A few days later, Pei Pei quietly got a piece of nearly transparent, green-free cabin glass. The latest achievements of Germany promoted the landing of the entrance of the glass pyramid. The external evaluation of the "false bricks" at the entrance of the glass pyramid has also changed into "flying gems".
▲ Night view of the Louvre pyramid
Daxing Airport
12800 pieces of ultra-white glass are used in the terminal
Interior lighting is hardly needed during the day
Good thermal conductivity and daylighting
Make the whole building more energy-saving and environmentally friendly
Pair with white top structure frame
Not only is it transparent and pure
It also contains mechanical and structural beauty
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